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Descriptions are generated automatically from the ICTVdB database including links. Some descriptions are only very basic and links may point to documents that are not yet published on the Web.

01.062. Rhabdoviridae

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 01.062. Rhabdoviridae. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 3. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Classification

This is a description of an invertebrate and plant virus at the family level.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 01.062. Virus accession number: 01062FAM. Obsolete virus code: 62.; superceded accession number: 62000000.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 11270.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): Bullet-shaped virus group. Virus is of the order 01. Mononegavirales.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of an envelope and a nucleocapsid. Virus capsid is enveloped. Virions are in unfixed preparations bullet-shaped, or bacilliform (in cases of plant viruses when fixed prior to negative staining), or pleomorphic. Virions measure 45-100 nm in diameter; 100-430 nm in length. Surface projections are densely dispersed, distinctive spikes. They consist of trimers of the virus glycoprotein that cover the whole surface except for the quasi-planar end. Surface projections form ring-like subunits. Surface projections are 5-10 nm long; spaced 3 nm apart. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The nucleocapsid is uncoiled filamentous, or cylindrical (coiled, is cross-banded (spaced 4.5-5 nm, in negatively stained preparations and thin sections) with a length of uncoiled about 700 nm and a width of uncoiled 20 nm, or 30-70 nm. Capsid consists of an RNA and N protein complex together with an NS (M1) proteins and is surrounded by a lipid envelope containing M (M2) protein. The nucleocapsid contains transcriptase activity and is infectious.

Only one species is recovered in preparations (that is a virus with defective genome, usually significantly shorter than the full length). Incomplete particles are found (defective particles proportionally shorter).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in sucrose of 1.14-1.2 g cm-3.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 1-2% of the virion by weight. The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear; usually negative-sense, single-stranded RNA, or positive-sense full length single-stranded RNA. Up to 5% in a viral RNA population are p;ositive stranded; hairpin RNA forms are also found. The complete genome is 11000-15000 nucleotides long. Nucleotide sequences at the 3'-terminus are are inverted and complementary to similar regions on the 5' end. The 5'-end of the genome has a triphosphate cap. Each virion contains a full length copy, or shorter copies.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 65-75% of the particle weight (structural).

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are present and located in the envelope and protein (G that has a covalently associated fatty acid proximal to the lipid envelope). Virions are composed of 15-25% lipids by weight (their composition depends on the host cell membrane. Generally phospholipids represent about 50-60%, sterols and glycolipids about 35-40% of the total lipids. G protein has a covalently associated fatty acid proximal to the lipid envelope). The composition of viral lipids and host cell membranes are similar. The lipids are of host origin and are derived from host cell membranes. Viral membranes include 55-60% phospholipids, sterols, and glycolipids.

Polyamines

Other compounds that have been detected in the virus particles are 3% carbohydrates. The carbohydrates are present as N-linked glycan chains on G protein and as glycolipids.

Translation: Virions are associated with helper virus, but independent from its functions during replication; defectives only replicate in the presence of homologous rhabdoviruses. Virion acts as helper for occasionally another virus; a helper for certain heterologous helper rhabdoviruses.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae, Animalia.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms).

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Arthropoda, or Chordata.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector, or not transmitted by a vector.

Taxonomic Structure of the Family

00.056.0.07. Vitivirus
Lyssavirus
Ephemerovirus
Cytorhabdovirus
Nucleorhabdovirus


(

62.U. Unassigned viruses).

Unassigned Viruses

List of Unassigned Viruses in the Family.

Data Sources and Contributions

The description has been compiled from data in the ICTV Report presented by Wunner WH, Calisher CH, Dietzgen RG, Jackson AO, Kitajima EW, Lafon M, Leong JC, Nichol S, Peters D, Smith JS, Walker PJ.

References

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References. A World Wide Web tutorial on this virus is provided by the Virology Departments, University of Leicester, UK: (


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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

ICTVdB and DELTA related References

Comments to ICTVdB Management
Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
Copyright © 2002    International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.    All rights reserved.


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