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00.078.0.01.008. Tobacco mottle virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.078.0.01.008. Tobacco mottle virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Zimbabwe.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Nicotiana tabacum.

Natural host and symptoms
Nicotiana tabacum — vein clearing and dark green leaf mottling. Mixed infections with tobacco vein distorting virus give the rosette disease.

Reference to Isolation Report
Smith (1946a).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.078.0.01.008. Virus accession number: 78001008. Obsolete virus code: 78.0.1.0.006; superceded accession number: 78010006.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 136138.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

The taxon has the accepted ICTV name.

ICTV approved acronym: TMoV. Virus is an ICTV approved species. Virus is of the genus 00.078.0.01. Umbravirus; not assigned to a family.

Virion Properties

Enveloped structures occur in vacuoles of infected cells, but no conventional virus structure have been found. Particles contain nucleic acid. Virus relies for encapisadtion and transmittion on the vector of the helper virus and virus relies on the coat protein (CP) from a helper virus, characteristically from a virus in the family (Luteoviridae).

Virion Properties

Morphology

No true particles are found, but vesicles containing viral matter are recovered that consist of a nucleoprotein complex. During their life cycle, virions have not been observed outside a cellular environment.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 55°C (in tobacco sap). The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 2 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 2-3.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear positive-sense, single-stranded RNA, is partially sequenced and sequenced region is 2159 nucleotides long and encodes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene, long-distance and cell to cell movement proteins. Sequence has the accession number [AY007231].

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes prehaps structural proteins and non-structural proteins, or structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are present and located in the vesicles encapsidating the viral nucleic acid.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ASTERIDAE; Order Solanales;
Family Solanaceae. Virus found in Nicotiana tabacum (common tobacco) [TaxID 4097].

General Symptoms in Plants Virus affects the photosynthetic system. Symptoms are expressed in the leaf include chlorosis and development of patterns or markings that are visible in the intercostal regions. Intercostal regions show chlorosis. Leaves with mottle.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae; Myzus persicae, Acyrthosiphon (Aulacorthum) solani. Virus requires, for vector transmission, a helper virus (tobacco vein-distorting virus).

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Datura stramonium, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana tabacum.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Nicotiana tabacum, N. glutinosa — dark green leaf mottling.

Lycopersicon esculentum — systemic transient leaf mottling.

Datura stramonium — systemic leaf mottling and malformation.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana tabacum, N. glutinosa, Lycopersicon esculentum.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Nicotiana tabacum (W).

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Zimbabwe.

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Smith (1946a,b).

Comments

Tobacco mottle was probably the first virus found to require an assistor virus (tobacco vein distorting virus) for its transmission by aphids (Smith 1946a,b). Few properties of the virus are known, but it may resemble groundnut rosette and carrot mottle 'viruses'.

References

Smith, K.M. (1946a). Parasitol. 37: 21.

Smith, K.M. (1946b). Parasitol. 37: 131.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References. A description of this taxon in VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 804 by A.A. Brunt, 1987.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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