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00.060.0.08.
Phytoreovirus
Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management
(2006). 00.060.0.08. Phytoreovirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus
Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New
York, USA
Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus
Database, version 4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
This is a description of a
plant and invertebrate (viruses replicate in both hosts)
virus at the genus level.
ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.060.0.08. Virus accession number:
060008GE. Obsolete virus code: 60.0.8.; superceded accession number: 60080000.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID:
10985.
Name, Synonyms and Lineage
Synonym(s): Plant
Reovirus subgroup 1. Virus is of the family
00.060.
Reoviridae.
Virions consist of a capsid, a core, and a nucleoprotein
complex. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is isometric with
icosahedral symmetry and has a diameter of 60-67-73 nm. The capsid shells of
virions are composed of three layers (an outer amorphous layer, a layer of
distinct capsomeres, and a smooth core). All shells are usually present. Capsids
appear hexagonal in outline. The capsid surface structure reveals a regular
pattern with distinctive features. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible,
or is not obvious. Surface projections are distinct spikes protruding
from the 12 vertices. Inner capsids consist of a 55 nm consists of a
rough shell (showing B-type spikes, about 8 nm long and 12 nm in diameter).
Virus preparations contain one particle component. The core subcore is spherical
(and smooth with no spikes) with a diameter of 35-40 nm.
Only one species is recovered in preparations.
Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation
contains few virions, or many virions.
Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of
1.26-1.38-1.46 g cm-3. There are 1 sedimenting
component(s) found in purified preparations, or 2 sedimenting component(s) found
in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 510
S20w. A260/A280 ratio is
1.4-1.41-1.42. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at
45-55.83-60°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is
4-7-10 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal
exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 3-4, or 6. The
infectivity is not changed by treatment with ether; decreased when deproteinized
with proteases; lost when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.
The Mr
of the genome constitutes 20-21-22% of the virion by weight. The
genome is monomeric; segmented and consists of twelve segments of linear;
supercoiled, double-stranded RNA. The complete genome is
25130-25190-25270 nucleotides long.
RNA-1 is about 4131-4302-4423 nucleotides long
RNA-2 is about 3385-3434-3532 nucleotides long
RNA-3 is about 3195-3201-3205 nucleotides long
RNA-4 is about 2468-2511-2565 nucleotides long
RNA-5 is about 2470-2551-2613 nucleotides long
RNA-6 is about 1699-1715-1726 nucleotides long.
The genome has a guanine + cytosine
content of 39-42.1-48.1 %. The 5'-terminal sequence has conserved
regions; terminal repeats at the 5'-end are for the non-coding region
14-63 nucleotides long. The 3'-terminus has conserved nucleotide
sequences; of 6-14 nucleotides in length (and differ for each RNA segment,
in of the coding species species of same genus; sequence has adjacent to the
genus-specific sequence inverted repeats; sequence has of the non-coding region
56-495 nucleotides in length; in each gene segment. The multipartite genome
is found in one type of particle only. Each virion contains a single copy of the
genome; a full length copy.
GenBank records for
nucleotide sequences;
complete genome sequences.
Proteins
constitute about 78-79-80% of the particle weight.
The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.
Virions consist of 6 structural protein(s), or 7 structural protein(s).
Lipids are
absent.
Transcription: Sub-genomic RNA is
absent from infected cells.
Translation: The genome replicates in
the cytoplasm.
Natural Host
Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain
Eucarya.
Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.
Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta
(Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae), or Liliopsida
(Monocotyledonae).
Severity and Occurrence of
Disease
Host: Signs and symptoms persist.
Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is not
transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between hosts;
not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.
Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects
of the order Hemiptera, family Cicadellidae. Virus is transmitted in a persistent
manner; retained when the vector moults; replicates in the vector; transmitted
congenitally to the progeny of the vector, or not transmitted congenitally to
the progeny of the vector.
Experimental Hosts and Symptoms
Under
experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in many
families, few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family
Apocynaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Convolvulaceae,
Cruciferae, Gramineae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae,
Polygonaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae,
Tetragoniaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental
virus infection: Alopecurus aequalis, Alopecurus japonicus,
Avena sativa, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Catharanthus
roseus, Dianthus barbatus, Echinochloa crus-galli,
Hordeum sativum, Hordeum vulgare, Ipomoea aquatica,
Ipomoea setosa, Lolium multiflorum, Lycopersicon
esculentum, Melilotus officinalis, Nicotiana glutinosa,
Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza cubensis, Oryza sativa,
Panicum miliaceum, Paspalum thumbergii, Poa annua,
Rumex acetosa, Secale cereale, Tetragonia
tetragonioides, Torenia fournieri, Trifolium incarnatum,
Trifolium pratense, Triticum aestivum.
Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families
containing insusceptible hosts: Gramineae,
Leguminosae-Papilionoideae.
Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility:
Andropogon sorghum, Melilotus albus, Secale cereale,
Setaria italica, Zea mays.
Histopathology: Virions are found in the cytoplasm, or cell
vacuole.
Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells.
Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic
inclusions are viroplasma. Inclusions contain mature virions, or do not contain
mature virions.
The virus spreads in North America. The virus occurs in
China, or Japan, or Korea (North), or Korea (South), or Nepal.
Type species 00.060.0.08.001.
Rice dwarf virus .
List of Species in the
Genus.
Data Sources and
Contributions
The
following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
PubMed References.
A description of the virus is found
in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied
Biologists (AAB), with the number
294.
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