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00.060.0.01. Orthoreovirus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.060.0.01. Orthoreovirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Classification

This is a description of a vertebrate virus at the genus level.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.060.0.01. Virus accession number: 060001GE. Obsolete virus code: 60.0.1.; superceded accession number: 60010000.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 10882.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Virus is of the family 00.060. Reoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid, a core, and a nucleoprotein complex. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is isometric with icosahedral symmetry and has a diameter of 80-82 nm. The capsid shells of virions are composed of two layers. All shells are usually present, or the outer shell is often lost during preparation. Capsids appear round. The capsid surface structure reveals a regular pattern with distinctive features. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible. Surface projections are not present. Inner capsids core; have a diameter of 60 nm. Virus preparations contain one particle component. The core is spherical; consists of the dsRNA genome with a diameter of 49 nm. The end of the fibers protrude almost through to the capsid surface.

Only one species is recovered in preparations. Incomplete particles are common. They are devoid of nucleic acid characterized by capsids with dark centers in negative stain preparations, or incompletely assembled capsids.



























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Notes

 Mammalian Reovirus Virion
as solved by Cryoelectron Microscopy and Image Reconstuction.
The cryoEM data was from Tim Baker's Laborratory, Purdue University. Movies were created by Stephan Spencer

Animations of the virion of mammalian reovirus, as solved by cryo-electron microscopy and image reconstruction. Rendered as an isosurface using Iris Explorer on a Silicon Graphics workstation.

Isosurfaces are used to portray the three-dimensional structure of the virus. An isosurface is obtained by converting the subset of electron density values in the three-dimensional array that contours a chosen threshold value (isovalue) into a surface representation approximated by polygons.

Structural elements of interest include the five-fold vertices (five-fold symmetrical stars) containing lambda-2 protein and the hexameric and tetrameric flower-like projections composed of sigma-3 protein.

Annimation of reconstructed viruses are found at Virus World, Molecular Virology, Madison.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.36 g cm-3.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 15-20% of the virion by weight. The genome is monomeric; segmented and consists of ten segments of linear double-stranded RNA. The complete genome is 23700 nucleotides long. The L1 is sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 3800-3900 nucleotides long. L2 is sequenced, complete sequence is about 3800-3900 nucleotides long. L3 is sequenced, but only an estimate is given, complete sequence is 3800-3900 nucleotides long. M1 has been fully sequenced, complete sequence is 2200-2300 nucleotides long. M2 has been sequenced, but only an estimate is presented, complete sequence is 2200-2300 nucleotides long. M3 has been sequenced, but only an estimate is given, complete sequence is 2200-2300 nucleotides long, has been sequenced, but only an estimate is presented; complete sequence is 1200-1400 nucleotides long. S2 has been fully sequenced, complete sequence is 1200-1400 nucleotides long. S3 has been sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 1200-1400 nucleotides long. S4; complete sequence is 1200-1400 nucleotides long. The 5'-end of the genome has a methylated nucleotide cap (on the positive strand of each duplex, the negative strands have a phosphorylated terminus, cap sequence type is m7G5ppp5'GmpNp. The multipartite genome is found in one type of particle only. Each virion contains a single copy of the genome; a full length copy, or shorter copies (that is defective particles may lack particular dsRNA species, or contain abnormal dsRNA sequences).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 80-85% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are absent.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Virus infects during its life cycle a single type of vertebrate host.
Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Animalia.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata.

Phylum Vertebrata
Subphylum Vertebrata; Class Mammalia.

Class Mammalia Order Primates;
Family Hominidae.
Virus infects Homo sapiens (human).

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector in a direct manner.

Taxonomic Structure of the Genus

Type species 00.060.0.01.001. Mammalian orthoreovirus .

Species in the Genus

List of Species in the Genus.

Data Sources and Contributions

The description has been compiled from data in the ICTV Report presented by Holmes IH, Boccardo G, Estes MK, Furuichi MK, Hoshino Y, Joklik WK, McCrae M, Mertens PPC, Milne RG, Samal KSK, Shikata E, Winton JR, Uyeda I, Nuss DL.

References

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

Taxonomic Proposals and Changes

Serotypes 1, 2 and 3 include strains isolated from man, monkeys, dogs and cattle. Avian strains share group-specific antigens and are distantly related serologically to mammalian serotypes. Also Nelson Bay orthoreovirus with properties intermediate between those of mammalian and avian orthoreoviruses.

Images

Taxon images: • EM from Stewart McNulty, Queens University, Belfast.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

ICTVdB and DELTA related References

Comments to ICTVdB Management
Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
Copyright © 2002    International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.    All rights reserved.


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