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00.057.0.81.045. Indian pepper mottle virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.057.0.81.045. Indian pepper mottle virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: the Punjab; India.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Capsicum annuum.

Natural host and symptoms
Capsicum annuum — systemic mottling and leaf malformation, including narrowing and split tips.

Reference to Isolation Report
Sandhu and Chohan (1979).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.057.0.81.045. Virus accession number: 57081045. Obsolete virus code: 57.0.1.T.045; superceded accession number: 5701t045.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): Chilli mottle virus, Pepper Indian mottle virus. ICTV approved acronym: IPMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.057.0.01. Potyvirus in the family 00.057. Potyviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 50-55°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 3 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 2.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to pepper mottle and potato Y viruses. The virus does not show serological relationships to tobacco mosaic, tobacco etch, potato X and cucumber mosaic viruses.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are Indian pepper mottle virus (PeMV-I) can be distinguished from tobacco mosaic (TMV), cucumber mosaic (CMV) and potato X virus (PVX) viruses which naturally infect chilli (Capsicum annuum) in India by host range, serology and virion morphology. In India chilli (Capsicum annuum) is also infected by potyviruses such as potato Y virus (PVY; Jayarajan and Ramakrishna, 1969; Joshi and Bhargava, 1962; Khatri and Sekhon, 1984) and pepper veinal mottle (PVMV; Bidhari and Reddy, 1981; Prasadrao, 1976). PeMV-I, as reported by Sandhu and Chohan (1979) from the Punjab, can be distinguished from the potyviruses by the reactions of six pepper cultivars (Avelar, Agronomico-S, Yolo Y, Early Calwonder, Fla-23-1-7 and Tabasco) as recommended by Zitter (1973, its host range is similar to that reported by Purcifull et al. (1975).

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae; Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii, A craccivora. Virus is transmitted in a non-persistent manner.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Chenopodiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cucurbita pepo, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana tabacum, Physalis floridana, Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum.

Host:
Experimentally infected hosts mainly show symptoms of systemic mosaics, mottles, ringspots or necrosis showing first on youngest leaves usually as vein clearing.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Malvaceae, or Polemoniaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Abelmoschus esculentus, Antirrhinum majus, Benincasa hispida, Chenopodium album, Citrullus lanatus, Citrullus vulgaris var. fistulosis, Cucumis melo, Cucumis melo var. momordica, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita moschata, Dahlia pinnata, Datura stramonium, Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Lagenaria cineraria, Luffa acutangula, Luffa cylindrica, Momordica charantia, Nicotiana rustica, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris, Phlox drummondii, Pisum sativum, Triticum aestivum, Vigna mungo, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Zea mays.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Capsicum annuum — systemic mottle.

Capsicum frutescens cv. Tabasco — necrotic local lesions, then systemic necrosis.

Physalis floridana — systemic mottle.

Nicotiana glutinosa, N. tabacum cv. Turkish — systemic mottle.

Chenopodium amaranticolor — necrotic local lesions. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Chenopodium album, Gomphrena globosa, Datura stramonium, Nicotiana rustica, Petunia x hybrida.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Cucurbita pepo.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium amaranticolor.

References to host data: Sandhu and Chonan (1979).

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in India.

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Sandhu and Chohan (1979).

References

Bidhari and Reddy (1981). 3rd Int. Symp. Pl. Path. New Delhi session XXII, p. 129.

Jayarajan and Ramakrishna (1969). Madras Agric. J. 56: 761.

Joshi, B.S. and Bhargava, K.S. (1962). Indian J. Microbiol. 2: 29.

Khatri and Sekhon (1984). Indian J. Mycol. Pl. Path. 4: 121.

Nelson, M.R., Wheeler, R.E. and Zitter, T.A. (1982). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 253, 4 pp.

Prasadrao, R.D.V. (1976). Ph.D. Thesis, U.A.S., Hebbal, Bangalore, India.

Purcifull, D.E., Zitter, T.A. and Hiebert, E. (1975). Phytopathology 65: 559.

Sandhu, K.S. and Chohan, J.S. (1979). Indian J. Mycol. Pl. Path. 9: 177.

Zitter, T.A. (1973). Pl. Dis. Reptr 57: 991.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 597 by V.R. Mali, 1990.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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