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00.057.0.81.027. Datura mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.057.0.81.027. Datura mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Aligarh; India.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Datura metel.

Natural host and symptoms
Datura metel — mosaic, blistering and shoe-stringing.

Reference to Isolation Report
Quereshi and Mahmood (1978).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.057.0.81.027. Virus accession number: 57081027. Obsolete virus code: 57.0.1.T.027; superceded accession number: 5701t027.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: DTMV. Virus is a tentative member of the genus 00.057.0.01. Potyvirus in the family 00.057. Potyviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous, flexuous with a clear modal length with a length of 712 nm and a width of 11-13 nm. Axial canal is indistinct. Basic helix is obscure.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Reference for electron microscopic methods: Quereshi and Mahmood (1978).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 45-50°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 1 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 6-7.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus does not show serological relationships to tobacco etch virus.

Datura mosaic virus is a potyvirus, but its relationships with others are uncertain (Hollings and Brunt, 1981).

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are Datura shoestring virus (DSV) differs from DMV in its failure to infect Datura stramonium, D. innoxia and Solanum nigrum. Datura distortion mosaic virus (DDMV) differs from DMV in its failure to induce local lesions in Datura species and in being transmissible by aphids. Datura species are known to be naturally infected by other potyviruses such as datura necrosis virus (DNV) (Badami and Kassanis, 1959), datura Colombian virus (DCV) (Kahn and Bartels, 1968), datura shoestring virus (DSV) (Giri and Agrawal, 1971) and datura distortion mosaic virus (DDMV) (Mali et al., 1985). However, they differ in various properties; DNV infects Lycopersicon esculentum, which is insusceptible to DMV; DCV incites few or no symptoms in Datura stramonium, D. metel and Nicotiana tabacum var. Samsun, is transmitted by Myzus persicae, and has a greater LIV; DMV incites severe symptoms in Datura species, is not transmitted by aphids and has a short LIV; DMV, unlike DSV, induces local lesions in Datura species; DSV, unlike DMV, induces lesions in Nicotiana rustica and does not infect Datura stramonium, D. innoxia and Solanum nigrum. DDMV differs from DMV in being aphid transmitted and able to infect Capsicum annuum but not cause local lesions in Datura species (Mali, 1985). The virion morphology of other Indian viruses infecting Datura (Capoor and Verma, 1948; 1951; Garga, 1958; Verma and Verma, 1963; Yaraguntaiah and Govindu, 1973) is not known.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Some species of aphid have been tested and found not to be vectors. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Datura innoxia, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana tabacum, Petunia x hybrida, Physalis peruviana, Solanum nigrum.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Apocynaceae, or Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, or Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Malvaceae, Polemoniaceae (1 /1), or Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae, Tropaeolaceae, or Umbelliferae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Abelmoschus esculentus, Antirrhinum majus, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Calendula officinalis, Capsicum annuum, Catharanthus roseus, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium ambrosioides, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita pepo, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Dahlia pinnata, Daucus carota, Dianthus barbatus, Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Helianthus annuus, Lablab purpureus, Lycopersicon esculentum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Phlox drummondii, Pisum sativum, Raphanus sativus, Solanum luteum, Solanum melongena, Solanum tuberosum, Sonchus oleraceus, Spinacia oleracea, Stellaria media, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Tropaeolum majus, Vicia faba, Zinnia elegans.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Datura innoxia, D. metel — necrotic local lesions, mosaic, blistering, reduced fruits, no spines.

D. stramonium — necrotic local lesions, flowering checked, systemic mosaic.

Nicotiana glutinosa — mosaic, leaf malformation and stunting.

N. tabacum — mosaic, leaf malformation, flowering checked.

Petunia x hybrida — mosaic, leaf reduction and malformation, stunting.

Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Capsicum annuum, Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanum luteum, S. melongena, S. tuberosum, Chenopodium album, C. amaranticolor, C. ambrosioides, C. murale.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Datura metel.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Datura metel (L).

References to host data: Quereshi and Mahmood (1978).

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in India.

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Quereshi and Mahmood (1978).

References

Badami, R.S. and Kassanis, B. (1959). Ann. appl. Biol. 47: 90.

Capoor, S.P. and Varma, P.M. (1948). Curr. Sci. 17: 151.

Capoor, S.P. and Varma, P.M. (1951). Indian J. agric. Sci. 22: 303.

Garga, R.P. (1958). Indian Phytopath. 11: 133.

Giri, L. and Agrawal, H.O. (1971). Phytopath. Z. 70: 81.

Hollings, M. and Brunt, A.A. (1981). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 245, 7 pp.

Kahn, R.P. and Bartels, R. (1962). Phytopathology 48: 587.

Mali, V.R. (1985). Int. J. Trop. Pl. Dis. 3: 93.

Mali, V.R., Nirmal, D.D., Patel, K.V. and Vyanjane, N.T. (1985). Indian Phytopath. 38: 413.

Quereshi, S. and Mahmood, K. (1978). Phytopath. Z. 93: 113.

Verma, G.S. and Verma, H.N. (1963). Indian Phytopath. 16: 366.

Yaraguntaiah, R.C. and Govindu, H.C. (1972). Mysore J. Agric. Sci. 6: 352.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
A description of this taxon can also be found on the web at VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description; VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 293 by V.R. Mali, 1987.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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