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Descriptions are generated automatically from the ICTVdB database including links. Some descriptions are only very basic and links may point to documents that are not yet published on the Web.

00.057.0.81.026. Datura distortion mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.057.0.81.026. Datura distortion mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Maharashtra State; India.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Datura metel.

Natural host and symptoms
Datura metel, D. alba — mosaic and blistering of leaves, small fruits, no spines, stunting.

Reference to Isolation Report
Mali et al. (1985).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.057.0.81.026. Virus accession number: 57081026. Obsolete virus code: 57.0.1.T.026; superceded accession number: 5701t026.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: DDMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.057.0.01. Potyvirus in the family 00.057. Potyviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous, flexuous with a clear modal length with a length of ~11 770 nm and a width of 11 nm. Axial canal is indistinct. Basic helix is obscure.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Mali et al. (1985).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 55-60°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 4 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 2-3.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to henbane mosaic virus. The virus does not show serological relationships to potato A, potato Y, bean common mosaic, bean yellow mosaic, peanut mottle and soybean mosaic viruses.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are The virus is a potyvirus and hence distinct from tobacco mosaic (TMV) (Hotin and Procenko, 1973), potato virus M (PVM) (Habib, 1982), cucumber mosaic (CMV) (Suteri and Bala, 1982) and tobacco streak (TSV) (Blakeslee, 1921; Edwardson and Purcifull, 1974). Datura species are known to be infected at least by ten potyviruses such as CDV (Kahn and Bartels, 1968), DNV (Badami and Kassanis, 1959), DMV (Quereshi and Mahmood, 1968), datura 437 virus (Damsteegt, 1974), DSV (Giri and Agrawal, 1971), HMV (Bradley, 1952; Lovisolo and Bartels, 1970), HDMV (Peralta et al., 1981), PMeV (Nelson and Wheeler, 1974), PVY (Blaszczak, 1976; Rao and Yaraguntaiah, 1976) and TEV (Chester, 1937; Klesser, 1966; Zitter, 1971). DDMV differs from DMV, DNV and DSV in aphid transmissibility. Although DDMV is serologically related to HMV, it differs in forming type-III CCI inclusions (HMV induces type-II CCI inclusions), in virion size and host range. HMV has longer virions (800-900 nm) and causes more severe symptoms in Datura stramonium than DDMV. In CCI morphology, DDMV is also distinct from CDV, HDMV, datura 437 virus, PMeV, PVY and TEV (Edwardson et al., 1984). DDMV differs from all ten potyviruses in host range and symptoms. It differs from DSV, PMeV and PVY, in infecting Datura stramonium and from HMV, TEV, DMV and HDMV in its mild symptoms in Datura stramonium. It differs from HMV, TEV and PVY, DDMV in not infecting Chenopodium amaranticolor and Chenopodium quinoa, and is distinct from PMeV in infecting Datura metel and from HDMV in not infecting Nicotiana rustica and N. tabacum cv. Samsun. Therefore, DDMV is considered to be a distinct member of the genus Potyvirus (Mali, 1985) and in subdivision III of Edwardson (1974). Few comparisons have been made between DDMV and other similar viruses reported from India (Capoor and Varma, 1948, 1951; Garga, 1958; Verma and Verma, 1963).

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae; Aphis craccivora, A gossypii, A nerii, Dactynotus sonchi, Myzus persicae, but not Melanaphis sacchari. Virus is transmitted in a non-persistent manner.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Capsicum annuum, Datura alba, Datura ferox, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Petunia axillaris, Petunia violacea, Petunia x hybrida, Physalis floridana, Physalis minima, Solanum nigrum.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Caricaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Commelinaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, or Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae, or Tetragoniaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Amaranthus tricolor, Arachis hypogaea, Bidens pilosa, Canavalia ensiformis, Capsicum pendulum, Carica papaya, Cassia occidentalis, Cassia tora, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Cicer arietinum, Commelina benghalensis, Crotalaria juncea, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita moschata, Luffa acutangula, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana tabacum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Solanum melongena, Solanum tuberosum, Solanum xanthocarpum, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Vigna mungo, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis , Zinnia elegans.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Datura ferox — systemic vein clearing, mosaic, leaf malformation and shoe-stringing.

Datura metel — veinal necrosis, then systemic mosaic and malformation.

D. stramonium — systemic veinal chlorosis.

Nicotiana clevelandii — chlorotic local lesions, then systemic vein clearing, epinasty and leaf malformation.

N. glutinosa, N. sylvestris — chlorotic local lesions, then systemic mosaic and leaf malformation.

N. megalosiphon — chlorotic local lesions, systemic mottle.

N. tabacum cv. White Burley — systemic mottle.

N. tabacum cv. Xanthi,

Solanum nigrum — systemic mosaic, blistering.

Petunia x hybrida, Physalis floridana — systemic vein clearing and mosaic. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana rustica, N. tabacum cv. Samsun, Solanum melongena, S. tuberosum, Capsicum pendulum, Chenopodium album, C. amaranticolor, C. quinoa, C. murale.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Datura metel, Nicotiana megalosiphon, N. tabacum cv. Xanthi.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Datura metel (W), Nicotiana glutinosa (W).

References to host data: Mali et al. (1985, Game (1988).

Cytopathology: Inclusions are cytoplasmic cylindrical present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are pinwheels. Inclusions are scrolls and long straight laminated aggregates.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in India (Maharashtra State).

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Mali et al. (1985, Game (1988).

References

Badami, R.S. and Kassanis, B. (1959). Ann. appl. Biol. 47: 90.

Blakeslee, AF (1921). J. Genet. 11: 17.

Blaszczak, W. (1976). Rezn. nauk. roln. seria. E.T. 6, Z 2: 69.

Bradley, RHE. (1952). Ann. appl. Biol. 39: 78.

Capoor, S.P. and Varma, P.M. (1948). Curr. Sci. 17: 151.

Capoor, S.P. and Varma, P.M. (1951). Indian J. agric. Sci. 22: 303.

Chester, K.S. (1937). Phytopathology 27: 903.

Damsteegt, V.D. (1974). Proc. Am. Phytopath. Soc. 1: 50.

Edwardson, J.R. (1974). Fla Agric. Exp. Stn Monog. No. 4, p. 398.

Edwardson, J.R. and Purcifull, D.E. (1974). Phytopathology 64: 1322.

Edwardson, J.R., Christie, R.G. and Ko, N.J. (1984). Phytopathology 74: 1111.

Game (1988). M.Sc. Thesis, Maharashtra Agric. Univ., Parbhani, India, 50 pp.

Garga, R.P. (1958). Indian Phytopath. 11: 133.

Giri, L. and Agrawal, H.O. (1971). Phytopath. Z. 70: 81.

Habibi, N.M. (1982). Egypt. J. Bot. 23: 163.

Hotin, Y.A. and Procenko, AI. (1973). Byull. glavn. bot. Sada., Leningrad 87: 113.

Kahn, R.P. and Bartels, R. (1962). Phytopathology 48: 587.

Kahn, R.P. and Bartels, R. (1968). Pl. Dis. Reptr 48: 603.

Klesser, P.J. (1966). Bothalia 9: 173.

Lovisolo, O. and Bartels, R. (1970). Phytopath. Z. 69: 73.

Mali, V.R. (1985). Int. J. Trop. Pl. Dis. 3: 93.

Mali, V.R., Nirmal, D.D., Patel, K.V. and Vyanjane, N.T. (1985). Indian Phytopath. 38: 413.

Matthews, R.E.F. (1982). Intervirology 17: 11.

Nelson, MR and Wheeler, R.E. (1978). Phytopathology 68: 979.

Peralta, E.L., Beczner, L. and Dezsery, M. (1981). Acta Phytopath. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 85.

Quereshi, S. and Mahmood, K. (1978). Phytopath. Z. 93: 113.

Rao, R.D.V.J.P. and Yaraguntaiah, R.C. (1976). Curr. Sci. 49: 467.

Suteri, BD and Bala, S. (1982). Sci. Cult. 48: 384.

Varma, G.S. and Verma, H.N. (1963). Indian Phytopath. 16: 366.

Yaraguntaiah, R.C. and Govindu, H.C. (1972). Mysore J. Agric. Sci. 6: 352.

Zitter, T.A. (1973). Pl. Dis. Reptr 57: 991.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 291 by V.R. Mali, 1987. Revised 1989.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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