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00.057.0.01.067. Tobacco etch virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.057.0.01.067. Tobacco etch virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: the United States of America.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Datura ssp.

Natural host and symptoms
Cassia obtusifolia — leaf mottling, malformation and necrosis, stunting and reduced seed yield.

Capsicum annuum — mottling, mosaic and leaf malformation, fruit malformation, stunting.

Datura stramonium — leaf mottling, vein banding and malformation, suppression of fruit spines.

Lycopersicon esculentum — leaf mottling and distortion, severe yield reductions.

Nicotiana tabacum — mottling and necrotic leaf etching.

Physalis ssp. — leaf chlorosis.

Reference to Isolation Report
Blakeslee (1921).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.057.0.01.067. Virus accession number: 57001067. Obsolete virus code: 57.0.1.0.067; superceded accession number: 57010067.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 12227.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): datura Z virus, tobacco severe etch virus, tomato etch virus. ICTV approved acronym: TEV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.057.0.01. Potyvirus in the family 00.057. Potyviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous, flexuous with a clear modal length with a length of 730-750 nm and a width of 12-13 nm. Basic helix is obvious (in UF).

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Dougherty and Hiebert (1980).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.33 g cm-3. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 154 S20w. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 55°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 5-10 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 4. The infectivity is retained when deproteinized with proteases, or decreased when deproteinized with proteases.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 5% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite, only one particle size is recovered of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. The complete genome is 9494 nucleotides long. Sequence is fully and partially sequenced, complete sequence is 9494 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number

[M11216] Em(40)_vi:TEVCAPG Gb(84)_vi:TEVCAPG Tobacco etch virus capsid protein gene. 4/90 2,324bp.
[M11458] Em(40)_vi:TECGHAT Gb(84)_vi:TEVCGHAT Tobacco etch virus (highly aphid transmissible (HAT)) complete genome. 4/90 9,494bp.
[M15239] Em(40)_vi:TEVGEN Gb(84)_vi:TEVGEN Tobacco etch virus RNA, complete genome. 7/89 9,497bp.
[L38714] Em(43)_vi:Tevnwp Gb(89)_vi:Tevnwp Tobacco etch virus P1, Helper Component and Proteinase, P3, Cylindric Inclusion, Nuclear Inclusion.

The genome has a base ratio of 23 % guanine; 30 % adenine; 20 % cytosine; 27 % uracil. The 5'-end of the genome has a genome-linked protein (VPg). The genome has an intergenic poly (A) region at at the 3' terminus.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 95% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to method of preparation: Hiebert and McDonald (1973, Hiebert et al. (1979).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Transcription: Sub-genomic RNA is absent from infected cells.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to potato Y and 13 other viruses (Shepard et al., 1974).

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist (may be strain-dependent).

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by seeds.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae; more than 10 ssp., especially Myzus persicae. Virus is transmitted in a non-persistent manner; does not require a helper virus for vector transmission (Simons, 1976; Pirone, 1979).

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in many families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae (1 /1). The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Amaranthus caudatus, Beta vulgaris, Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, Cassia obtusifolia, Cassia tora, Celosia argentea, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium foetidum, Chenopodium quinoa, Datura ferox, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Gomphrena globosa, Gypsophila elegans, Hyoscyamus niger, Lycopersicon esculentum, Melilotus albus, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana bigelovii, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana x edwardsonii, Petunia x hybrida, Physalis floridana, Physalis peruviana, Senecio vulgaris, Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum, Solanum tuberosum, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Torenia fournieri, Zinnia elegans.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Alliaceae, Apocynaceae, Boraginaceae, or Campanulaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, or Convolvulaceae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, or Gesneriaceae, Gramineae, Labiatae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, or Malvaceae, Papaveraceae, Polygonaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Tropaeolaceae, Umbelliferae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Abelmoschus esculentus, Ageratum conyzoides, Allium cepa, Antirrhinum majus, Apium graveolens, Avena sativa, Bellis perennis, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Calendula officinalis, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Catharanthus roseus, Cheiranthus cheiri, Chenopodium album, Cichorium endiva, Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita pepo, Dahlia pinnata, Daucus carota, Dianthus barbatus, Euphorbia marginata, Fagopyrum esculentum, Glycine max, Gossypium hirsutum, Hordeum vulgare, Ipomoea nil, Ipomoea setosa, Lablab purpureus, Lens culinaris, Lobelia erinus, Lycopersicon esculentum, Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, Matthiola incana, Medicago hispida, Medicago sativa, Myosotis sylvatica, Papaver nudicaule, Pastinaca sativa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Raphanus sativus, Ricinus communis, Salvia splendens, Secale cereale, Sinningia speciosa, Solanum nodiflorum, Spinacia oleracea, Stellaria media, Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Triticum aestivum, Tropaeolum majus, Vicia faba, Vicia sativa, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Zea mays.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Cassia obtusifolia — necrotic local lesions; systemic mosaic and leaf malformation.

Capsicum annuum — systemic mosaic, rugosity and leaf malformation.

C. frutescens — root necrosis, wilting and death.

Chenopodium album, C. amaranticolor and C. quinoa — local chlorotic or necrotic lesions; not systemic.

Datura stramonium — systemic mosaic, ringspots, rugosity and leaf malformation.

Nicotiana tabacum — chlorotic local lesions; systemic mosaic, ringspots, leaf malformation and necrotic etching.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Capsicum annuum, Datura stramonium, Nicotiana tabacum.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium amaranticolor (L), C. quinoa (L).

References to host data: Holmes (1946, Schmelzer (1967, Edwardson (1974).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in mesophyll and epidermis. Virions are found in the cytoplasm and plasmodesmata or their vicinity.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Nuclear inclusion bodies are crystals. Cytoplasmic inclusions are pinwheels. Inclusions do not contain mature virions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus spreads in East Asia and South and Central Americas. The virus occurs in Canada, China, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, and the United States of America.

References

Blakeslee, AF (1921). J. Genet. 11: 17.

Christie, R.G. and Edwardson, J.R. (1977). Fla Agric. Exp. Stn Monog. No. 9, p. 55.

Damirdagh, I.S. and Shepherd, R.J. (1970). Virology 40: 84.

Dougherty, WG and Hiebert, E. (1980). Virology 101: 466.

Dougherty, WG and Hiebert, E. (1980a). Virology 104: 183.

Dougherty, WG and Hiebert, E. (1980b). Virology 104: 174.

Edwardson, J.R. (1968). Virology 34: 250.

Edwardson, J.R. (1974). Fla Agric. Exp. Stn Monog. No. 4, p. 398.

Hari, V. (1981). Virology 112: 391.

Hiebert, E. and McDonald, JG (1973). Virology 56: 349.

Hiebert, E., Tremaine, J.H. and Ronald, W. (1979). Phytopathology 69: 1031.

Hill, J.H. and Benner, H.I. (1976). Virology 75: 419.

Holmes, F.O. (1946). Phytopathology 36: 643.

Jones, AT and Barker, H. (1976). Ann. appl. Biol. 83: 231.

Knuhtsen, H., Hiebert, E. and Purcifull, D.E. (1974). Virology 61: 200.

Pirone, T.P. (1979). Phytopathology 69: 531.

Purcifull, D.E. (1973). Virology 55: 275.

Purcifull, D.E. and Batchelor, DL (1977). Bull. Univ. Fla Agric. Exp. Stn 788: 39 pp.

Purcifull, D.E. and Hiebert, E. (1982). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 258, 7 pp.

Shepard, JE, Secor, GA and Purcifull, D.E. (1974). Virology 58: 464.

Shepherd, R.J. and Purcifull, D.E. (1972). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 55, 4 pp.

Schmelzer, K. (1967). Phytopath. Z. 60: 301.

Simons, J.N. (1976). Phytopathology 66: 652.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV REport .

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 799 by D.E. Purcifull, 1981.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 258.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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