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00.056.0.01.023. Cassava common mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.056.0.01.023. Cassava common mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Sao Paulo; Brazil.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Manihot esculenta.

Natural host and symptoms
Cnidoscolus acontifolius, Manihot esculenta — mosaic.

Reference to Isolation Report
Costa and Normanha (1940).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.056.0.01.023. Virus accession number: 56001023. Obsolete virus code: 00.056.0.81.005.; 56.0.1.T.005; superceded accession number: 56081005; 5601t005.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 39046.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): Brazilian cassava common mosaic virus. ICTV approved acronym: CsCMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.056.0.01. Potexvirus; family 00.056. Flexiviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous, flexuous with a length of 495-525 nm and a width of 15 nm. Axial canal is indistinct. Basic helix is obscure.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Nolt et al. (1991).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 126 S20w. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 65-70°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 128 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 5-6. The infectivity is not changed by treatment with ether.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 5% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite, only one particle size is recovered of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. The complete genome is 6000 nucleotides long. Sequence is fully and partially sequenced, complete sequence is 6376 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number

[U23414] Em(43)_vi:Cc23414 Gb(89)_vi:Ccu23414 Cassava common mosaic virus Brazilian strain, complete genome. 5/95 6,376bp.
[U23415] Em(43)_vi:Cc23415 Gb(89)_vi:Ccu23415 Cassava common mosaic virus Brazilian strain defective RNA, complete sequence. 5/95 1,094bp.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Transcription: The virus codes for 5 ORF(s).

Coding Strategy of Segment 1: Sequence has a gene block. Sequence has triple gene block sequence (TGB). Encodes proteins involved in cell to cell movement.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to potato virus X and tulip virus X. The virus does not show serological relationships to cactus virus X, cassava virus X, hydrangea ringspot virus, narcissus mosaic virus and nerine virus X.

Chaya strain, unlike type strain, infects Chenopodium quinoa and induces nuclear inclusions.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ROSIDAE.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is not transmitted by a vector; disseminated in infected cuttings. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, Malvaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Cassia occidentalis, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Cnidoscolus acontifolius, Datura stramonium, Euphorbia heterophylla, Gomphrena globosa, Gossypium hirsutum, Manihot esculenta, Nicotiana benthamiana, Ricinus communis.

Host:
Experimentally infected hosts mainly show symptoms of chlorotic or necrotic local lesions, not systemic.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Cucurbita pepo, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Euphorbia marginata, Glycine max, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana x edwardsonii, Phaseolus vulgaris, Physalis floridana, Pisum sativum, Vigna unguiculata, Zea mays.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Gomphrena globosa, Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. murale, C. quinoa, Gossypium hirsutum, Manihot esculenta, Ricinus communis — local lesions; not systemic.

Cassia occidentalis, Datura stramonium — chlorotic or necrotic local lesions; not systemic (Chaya strain).

Nicotiana benthamiana — chlorotic local lesions; mild systemic chlorosis.

Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Nicotiana glutinosa, N. tabacum, Zea mays.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Euphorbia heterophylla, Manihot esculenta.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Gomphrena globosa (L), Chenopodium amaranticolor (L), C. quinoa (L).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Inclusions are fibrous masses. Inclusions contain mature virions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Taiwan, and the United States of America (Florida), or Cote d'Ivoire (possibly).

List of Strains and Isolates in the Species

Chaya strain.

References

Costa, AS. and Kitajima, E.W. (1972). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 90, 4 pp.

Costa, AS. and Normanha, E.S. (1940). J. Agron. (Piracicuba) 3: 239.

Elliott, M.S. and Zettler, F.W. (1987). Plant Dis. 71: 353.

Kitajima, E.W., Wetter, C., Oliveira, AR., Silva, DM and Costa, AS. (1965). Bragantia 24: 260.

Nolt, B.L., Velasco, AC. and Pineda, B. (1991). Ann. appl. Biol. 118: 105.

Silva, DM, Kitajima, E.W. and Oliveira, AR. (1963). Cienc. Cult. 15: 304.

Nolt, B.L., Velasco, AC. and Pineda, B. (1991). Ann. appl. Biol. 105:.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 171 by E.W. Kitajima, 1985. Revised by F.W. Zettler, 1989.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 90.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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