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00.039.0.01.007. Bean leaf roll virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.039.0.01.007. Bean leaf roll virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Germany.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Pisum sativum and Vicia faba.

Natural host and symptoms
Medicago sativa — usually symptomless.

Pisum sativum — chlorotic, leaves rolled downward.

Trifolium repens — yellowed, rolled leaves.

Vicia faba — chlorotic leaves and flowers abscissed.

Phaseolus vulgaris, Cicer arietinum, Vigna unguiculata, Lens culinaris — leaves yellowed.

Reference to Isolation Report
Quantz and Volk (1954).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.039.0.01.007. Virus accession number: 39001007. Obsolete virus code: 00.039.0.00.007.; 39.0.1.0.007; superceded accession number: 39000007; 39010007.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 12041.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): alfalfa Michigan virus (Thottappilly et al. 1977), legume yellows virus, pea leaf roll virus, pea tip yellowing virus, pea top yellows virus. ICTV approved acronym: BLRV. Virus is an ICTV approved species. Virus is not assigned to a genus; of the family 00.039. Luteoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with polyhedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 27 nm. Capsids appear round. The capsomer arrangement is not obvious.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Takanami and Kubo (1979, Ashby and Huttinga (1979).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

The density of virions is 1.32 in Cs2SO4. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 37.8% of the virion by weight. The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. The complete genome is 6000 nucleotides long. The RNA is partially sequenced, sequenced region is 6000 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number
[X53865] Em(40)_vi:LUBLRVCP Gb(84)_vi:LUBLRVCP Bean leaf roll virus gene for coat protein. 9/93 591bp.
[U15978] Em(43)_vi:Bl15978 Gb(89)_vi:Blu15978 Bean leaf roll virus coat protein mRNA, complete cds. 11/94 591bp. Reference to nucleotide sequence isolation method by R.R. Martin; use hot phenol.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Lipids

Lipids are absent.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to soybean dwarf, beet western yellows, potato leafroll, carrot red leaf and barley yellow dwarf (RPV) viruses.

The chickpea stunt strain of the virus (Kaiser and Danesh, 1966) has been recorded in the same geographical areas as the type strain. Hosts recorded for the chickpea stunt strain but not for the type strain are: Chenopodium amaranticolor (b0 , Cucumis sativus (b0 , Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (b0 , Datura stramonium (b0 , Nicotiana glutinosa (b0 , Nicotiana tabacum (b0 , Phaseolus lunatus (S, Vicia villosa (S, Vigna radiata (b0 ) (Anon., 1978/79).

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are ELISA tests with MAbs very effective.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist, or disappear soon after infection.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae; Acyrthosiphon pisum, Myzus persicae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Megoura viciae, Aphis craccivora (chickpea stunt strain). Virus is transmitted in a persistent manner; retained when the vector moults; does not replicate in the vector; can facilitate the vector transmission of another virus (bean yellow vein banding virus).

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Leguminosae-Papilionoideae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Arachis hypogaea, Astragalus sinicus, Cicer arietinum, Glycine max, Lathyrus odoratus, Lens culinaris, Lupinus cosentinii, Medicago hispida, Medicago sativa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium hybridum, Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Trifolium subterraneum, Vicia faba, Vicia sativa, Vigna unguiculata.

Host:
Experimentally infected hosts mainly show symptoms of chlorosis, leaf rolling.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Caryophyllaceae, or Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, or Linaceae, Tetragoniaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris ssp. napus, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Lablab purpureus, Lactuca sativa, Lens culinaris, Linum usitatissimum, Lotus corniculatus, Lupinus albus, Melilotus albus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum (cv. Kelvedon Wonder), Senecio vulgaris, Stellaria media, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Trifolium pratense, Vicia faba, Zinnia elegans.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Medicago hispida — systemic chlorosis.

Pisum sativum cv. Onyx — tip leaves chlorotic, leaves rolled (cv. Kelvedon Wonder is insusceptible).

Trifolium subterraneum — red leaf margins.

Vicia faba — interveinal chlorosis, leaves rolled upward.

Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Beta vulgaris, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Lactuca sativa, Pisum sativum cv. Kelvedon Wonder.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Pisum sativum cvs Galaxy, Onyx, Eurofin, Vicia faba, Medicago sativa.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Pisum sativum cv. Onyx (W), Trifolium subterraneum cv. Bacchus Marsh (W).

References to host data: Cockbain and Gibbs (1973), Johnstone et al., (1984).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in phloem parenchyma mainly in necrotic sieve-tube cells. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are not present in infected cells. Other cellular changes include necrosis and collapse of phloem.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Ethiopia, Germany, Iran, Lebanon, Pakistan, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America (California, the Midwest and Northwest).

List of Strains and Isolates in the Species

Chickpea stunt virus.

References

Anon. (1978-79). Rep. Int. Crops Res. Inst. for Semi-Arid Tropics 1978-79: 30.

Ashby, J.W. (1984). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 286, 5 pp.

Ashby, J.W. and Huttinga, H. (1979). Neth. J. Pl. Path. 85: 113.

Cockbain, AJ. and Gibbs, AJ. (1973). Ann. appl. Biol. 73: 177.

D'Arcy, C.J., Martin, R.R. and Torrance, L. (1988). Phytopathology 78: 1537.

Fukano and Yokoyama (1951). Kyushu Nogyo Kenkyu 10: 133.

Inouye, T. (1971). Ber. Ohara Inst. Landw. Biol. 15: 69.

Inouye, T. and Asatari (1968). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 34: 317.

Johnstone, G.R., Ashby, J.W., Gibbs, AJ., Duffus, JE, Thottapilly, G. and Fletcher, J.D. (1984). Neth J. Pl. Path. 90: 107.

Kaiser, W.J. (1972). FAO Pl. Prot. Bull. 20: 127.

Kaiser, W.J. and Danesh, D. (1966). Phytopathology 61: 453.

Kaiser, W.J and Danesh, D.(1971). Phytopathology 61: 372.

Quantz, L. and Volk, J. (1954). NachrBl. dtsch. PflSchutz., Braunschweig 6: 177.

Takanami, Y. and Kubo, S. (1979). J. gen. Virol. 44: 153.

Thottappilly, G., Kao, Y.J., Hooper, G.R. and Bath, JE (1977). Phytopathology 67: 1451. The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 71 by J.W. Ashby, 1981. Revised 1989 by R.R. Martin and for chickpea stunt strain by Y.L. Nene, 1981 and revised 1983.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 286.



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ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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