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00.039.0.00.018. Tobacco necrotic dwarf virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.039.0.00.018. Tobacco necrotic dwarf virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Tochigi Prefecture; Japan.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Nicotiana tabacum.

Natural host and symptoms
Spinacia oleracea — leaf vein yellowing.

Nicotiana tabacum — interveinal leaf chlorosis, veinal necrosis, severe stunting.

Capsella bursa-pastoris — interveinal reddening, stunting.

Reference to Isolation Report
Kubo and Takanami (1977).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.039.0.00.018. Virus accession number: 39000018. Obsolete virus code: 39.0.1.0.016; superceded accession number: 39010016.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: TNDV. Virus is an ICTV approved species. Virus is not assigned to a genus; of the family 00.039. Luteoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with polyhedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 25 nm. Capsids appear hexagonal in outline. The capsomer arrangement is not obvious.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Takanami and Kubo (1979).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of virions disrupted in caesium salts. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 115 S20w. Isoelectric point pH is 5.3. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 80°C (assayed using protoplasts). The longevity in vitro (LIV) is more than 6 months at 4°C.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 30% of the virion by weight. The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The encapsidated nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also contain satellite RNA. The complete genome is 6100 nucleotides long, is sequenced and complete sequence is about 6100 nucleotides long.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 70% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to amino acid sequence or composition Kubo (1981).

Lipids

Lipids are absent.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to potato leafroll virus is closely related, but distinct; carrot red leaf and soybean dwarf viruses are distantly related.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae; Myzus persicae. Virus is transmitted in a persistent manner; retained when the vector moults; does not replicate in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cruciferae, Portulacaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Capsella bursa-pastoris, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Gomphrena globosa, Lycopersicon esculentum, Montia perfoliata, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Physalis floridana, Physalis peruviana, Solanum nigrum, Solanum nodiflorum, Solanum tuberosum, Spinacia oleracea.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, or Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, or Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Astragalus sinicus, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucumis sativus, Glycine max, Lactuca sativa, Petunia x hybrida, Pisum sativum, Raphanus sativus, Senecio vulgaris, Solanum melongena, Stellaria media, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Vicia faba, Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis , Zinnia elegans.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Capsella bursa-pastoris, Datura stramonium, Nicotiana sylvestris, N. tabacum — systemic interveinal chlorosis, veinal necrosis, stunting.

Physalis floridana — systemic interveinal chlorosis, leaf rolling.

Montia perfoliata — mild systemic interveinal chlorosis.

Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Astragalus sinicus, Pisum sativum, Lactuca sativa.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Physalis floridana.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Nicotiana sylvestris (W).

References to host data: Kubo (1981).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in phloem and companion cells. Virions are found in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and cell vacuole.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are not present in infected cells. Other cellular changes include a fibrous appearance in cytoplasm.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Japan.

References

Kubo, S. and Takanami, Y. (1977). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 43: 76.

Kubo, S. (1981). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 234, 4 pp.

Takanami, Y. and Kubo, S. (1979). J. gen. Virol. 44: 153.

Takanami, Y. and Kubo, S. (1979). J. gen. Virol. 44: 853.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 807 by S. Kubo, 1984. Revised 1989.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 234.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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