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00.032.0.01. Hordeivirus
Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006).
00.032.0.01. Hordeivirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database,
version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA
Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
This is a description of a
plant virus at the genus level (not yet assigned to
a family).
ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.032.0.01. Virus accession number:
032001GE. Obsolete virus code: 32.0.1.; superceded accession number: 32010000.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID:
12326.
Name, Synonyms and Lineage
Synonym(s): Barley
stripe mosaic virus group. Virus is not assigned to a family.
Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not
enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical
symmetry. Virus preparations contain more than one particle component. The
capsid is rod-shaped; is longitudinally striated with a clear modal
length, or a clear modal length, or clear predominate lengths with a length of
144-175 nm (B), or 109 nm (T, 126 nm (M) and a width of 18-25 nm. Axial
canal is distinct; 3-3.5-4 nm in diameter. Basic helix is obvious.
Pitch of helix is 2.5-2.55-2.6 nm.
Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation
contains few virions.
There are 3 sedimenting component(s) found in purified
preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 199 S20w; of
the other(s) are 166-180-194 S20w. Isoelectric point
pH is 4.5. A260/A280 ratio is 0.99. The thermal
inactivation point (TIP) is at 60-65.5-68°C. The longevity in
vitro (LIV) is 15-69.25-120 days. Although the titer is dependent
on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually
around 2, or 3, or 4.
The Mr
of the genome constitutes 3.8-4.45-5% of the virion by weight. The
genome is segmented; multipartite and segments are distributed over several
particles of varying size, depending on the length of the genome enclosed;
consists of three segments of, or four segments of linear
positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of
non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The encapsidated
nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also contain nucleic
acid of host origin, or nucleic acid of host origin and subgenomic RNA,
possibly mRNA. Virions may also contain
defective RNA species arising from a deletion of full-length genomic RNA. The
complete genome is 9000-11620-15600 nucleotides long.
RNA-1 is
sequenced, complete sequence is about
3800-4100-4500 nucleotides long.
RNA-2 is fully sequenced.
Complete sequence is 3289-3529-4000 nucleotides long.
RNA-3 is
sequenced, but only an estimate is given, complete sequence is
3000-3254-3600 nucleotides long.
RNA-4 is possibly subgenomic
has been sequenced, but only an estimate is provided, complete
sequence is 800-2000 nucleotides long.
The genome has a base ratio of
20.3-21.9-23.5 % guanine; 27-28.95-30.9 % adenine;
19.4-20.45-21.5 % cytosine; 28-28.7-29.4 % uracil. The
5'-end of the genome has a methylated nucleotide cap (at each RNA species, cap
sequence type is m7G5pppGUA. The 3'-terminus has a poly (A) tract (at each
RNA species of 8-40 nucleotides length). The 3'-terminus has a
tRNA-like structure (at each RNA species of 236-238 nucleotides which
accepts tyrosine). The genome has an intergenic poly (A) region. The
multipartite genome is divided among more than one type of particle and
the segments are distributed between 2 different types of particles, or 4
different types of particles.
GenBank records for
nucleotide sequences;
complete genome sequences.
Proteins
constitute about 95-95.5-96% of the particle weight.
The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.
Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).
Non-Structural Proteins: Virus-coded non-structural
proteins have been identified by sequence analysis and 3
non-structural protein(s) are found.
Lipids are not
reported.
Natural Host
Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain
Eucarya.
Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.
Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta
(Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae), or Liliopsida
(Monocotyledonae).
Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass
CARYOPHYLLIDAE.
Severity and Occurrence of
Disease
Host: Signs and symptoms persist, or
disappear soon after infection.
Virus is not transmitted by a vector. Virus is
transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by
seeds, or not transmitted by seeds; transmitted by pollen to the pollinated
plant.
Experimental Hosts and Symptoms
Under
experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in many
families, several families, few families. Susceptible host species are found in
the Family Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae,
Compositae, Cruciferae, Gramineae,
Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae. The following species were
susceptible to experimental virus infection: Anthoxanthum aristatum,
Anthoxanthum odoratum, Avena sativa, Beta patellaris,
Beta vulgaris, Bromus secalinus, Bromus tectorum,
Callistephus chinensis, Capsella bursa-pastoris,
Capsicum frutescens, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium
amaranticolor, Chenopodium capitatum, Chenopodium
murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Dactylis glomerata,
Echinochloa crus-galli, Elymus trachycaulus, Elytrigia
intermedia, Eragrostis cilianensis, Festuca pratensis,
Gypsophila elegans, Hordeum vulgare, Lagurus
ovatus, Lolium multiflorum, Lolium perenne, Lolium
persicum, Lolium temulentum, Lophopyrum elongatum,
Lychnis chalcedonica, Lychnis coronaria, Lychnis
divaricata, Lychnis haageana, Nicotiana clevelandii,
Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana
tabacum, Oryza sativa, Oryzopsis miliacea, Panicum
capillare, Panicum miliaceum, Petunia x hybrida,
Phalaris arundinacea, Phalaris paradoxa, Phleum
arenarium, Phleum pratense, Poa annua, Poa
compressa, Poa palustris, Poa pratensis, Secale
cereale, Setaria italica, Setaria macrostachya,
Setaria viridis, Sorghum bicolor, Spinacia oleracea,
Stellaria media, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Triticum
aestivum, Triticum durum, Zea mays.
Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families
containing insusceptible hosts: Chenopodiaceae,
Compositae,
Gramineae, or
Leguminosae-Papilionoideae,
Phytolaccaceae,
Solanaceae,
Sterculiaceae.
Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility:
Agrostis alba, Agrostis palustris, Agrostis tenuis,
Beta vulgaris, Bromus inermis, Centaurea cyanus,
Dactylis glomerata, Elytrigia intermedia, Elytrigia
repens, Festuca elatior, Lactuca sativa, Lolium
perenne, Lycopersicon esculentum, Phaseolus vulgaris,
Phytolacca americana, Solanum nigrum, Theobroma
cacao, Triticum aestivum, Vigna unguiculata ssp.
unguiculata.
Histopathology: Virions are found in the cytoplasm, or nucleus.
Cytopathology: Inclusions are not present in infected cells.
The virus is probably distributed worldwide. The virus
spreads in Eurasia, or North America, or Australasia and Pacific Islands. The
virus occurs in Australia, or Canada, or China, or Hungary, or the United
Kingdom, or the United States of America, or the USSR (former).
Type species 00.032.0.01.001.
Barley stripe mosaic virus .
List of Species in the
Genus.
Data Sources and
Contributions
The
following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
PubMed References.
Taxon images: • EM from IACR Rothamsted.
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