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00.029.0.03.039. Tomato leaf curl virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.029.0.03.039. Tomato leaf curl virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Darwin; Australia.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Lycopersicon esculentum.

Natural host and symptoms
Lycopersicon esculentum — chlorosis and upward curling of leaflet margins, dark stunting.

Reference to Isolation Report
Aldrick (1971).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.029.0.03.039. Virus accession number: 29003039. Obsolete virus code: 29.0.3.0.039; superceded accession number: 29030039.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 28350.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Alternative name: Tomato Australian leaf curl virus. Synonym(s): Tomato leaf curl virus-Australia; tomato transmissible leafroll virus. ICTV approved acronym: ToLCV-Au. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.029.0.03. Begomovirus (based on virion morphology and c-DNA reaction with a probe to African cassava mosaic virus, family 00.029. Geminiviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid is elongated and exhibits icosahedral symmetry. The capsid is geminate.






















Electron micrograph of Geminiviridae by R.G. Milne, Istituto di Virologia, CRN, Torino, Italy.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of circular, ambisense, single-stranded DNA. The DNA is partially sequenced. Sequence has the accession number

[L11746] Em(40)_vi:GETLCAL1R Gb(84)_vi:TLCAL1REP Tomato leaf curl virus AL1 replication protein gene, complete cds. 3/93 294bp.
[L12738] Em(40)_vi:GETLCVSEQ Gb(84)_vi:TLCVSEQ Tomato leaf curl virus coat protein (AR1) gene, partial cds. 4/93 219bp.
[L12739] Em(40)_vi:GETLCVSE1 Gb(84)_vi:TLCVSEQA Tomato leaf curl virus origin of replication. 5/93 165bp.
[S53251] Em(40)_vi:S53251 Gb(84)_vi:S53251 orf V1...orf C4 tomato leaf curl virus TLCV, Australian isolate, Genomic Complete, 6 genes,
[S55329] Em(40)_vi:S55329 Gb(84)_vi:S55329 V1 orf (5' region) tomato leaf curl virus TLCV, Genomic, 71 nt. 12/93 71bp.
[S55330] Em(40)_vi:S55330 Gb(84)_vi:S55330 V2 orf, C2 orf (3' regions) tomato leaf curl virus TLCV, Genomic, 51 nt. 12/93 51bp.
[S55334] Em(40)_vi:S55334 Gb(84)_vi:S55334 C2 orf (5' region) tomato leaf curl virus TLCV, Genomic, 72 nt. 12/93 72bp.
[S55445] Em(40)_vi:S55445 Gb(84)_vi:S55445 C1 orf (5' region) tomato leaf curl virus TLCV, Genomic, 240 nt. 12/93 240bp
[U15015] Gb(84)n:TLU15015 Tomato leaf curl virus coat protein AV1, AV2, AV3, replication-associated protein AC1, AC2, AC3, AC4, AC5, BV1 and BC1 genes, complete cds.
[U15016] Gb(84)n:TLU15016 Tomato leaf curl virus coat protein AV1, AV2, AV3, replication-associated protein AC1, AC2, AC3, AC4 and AC5 genes, complete cds.

[Z48182] Em(44)n:Tlcvvcgns Gb(90)n:Tlcvvcgns Tomato leaf curl virus V1, V2, C1, C2, C3 and C4 genes. 8/95 2,749bp.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to African cassava mosaic virus.

Genomic DNA reacts with a c-DNA probe to African cassava mosaic virus (D.J. Robinson, unpublished data).

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ASTERIDAE.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by possible arthropods; arthropod-borne virus is transmitted by insects of the order Hemiptera, by family Aleyrodidae; Bemisia tabaci.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families (and limited to graft transmission tests until vector transmission is obtained). Susceptible host species are found in the Family Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Datura stramonium, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana tabacum, Physalis floridana, Solanum melongena, Solanum tuberosum.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Capsicum annuum, Nicotiana rustica, Physalis minima, Physalis peruviana.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Lycopersicon esculentum — chlorosis and upward curling of leaflet margins, stunting.

Datura stramonium — downward curling of leaf margins, interveinal chlorosis, and chlorosis of minor veins.

Nicotiana benthamiana — leaf malformation, vein chlorosis, prominent veins on abaxial leaf and sepal surfaces.

Nicotiana tabacum — stunting, chlorosis and upward cupping of leaves. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Capsicum annuum, Physalis minima, Physalis peruviana.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Lycopersicon esculentum, Datura stramonium, Nicotiana benthamiana.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Datura stramonium (W, Nicotiana benthamiana (W).

References to host data: B.D. Conde and JE Thomas (unpublished data).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in phloem. Virions are found in the nucleus.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Australia.

References

Aldrick, S. (1970-71). Plant Path. Ann. Rep., Northern Territory Administration (unpublished).

Thomas, JE, Massalski, P.R. and Harrison, BD (1986). J. gen. Virol. 67: 2739.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 828 by B.D. Conde and J.E. Thomas, 1987.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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