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00.026.0.01.044.04.204.001. St. Louis encephalitis virus, Parton isolate

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.026.0.01.044.04.204.001. St. Louis encephalitis virus, Parton isolate. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Isolate designation: St. Louis encephalitis virus Parton (V-524-001-522).
Isolation date: 1933.
Location: St. Louis; Missouri; the United States of America. Site longitude -90 °. Site latitude 40 °.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: human.
Virus was isolated from adults.

Collection and Isolation Details
Virus was isolated by Muckenfuss, R.S., Armstrong, C., and McCordock, H.A. The United States of America.

Reference to Isolation Report
Muckenfuss, R.S., Armstrong, C., and McCordock, H.A. (1933) Encephalitis: Studies on experimental transmission, Publ. Hlth. Reports. 48:1341-1343.

Depositories and Collections

The isolate has been deposited at the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) (various laboratories hold this virus) and is listed in the ATCC catalogue with the reference number [VR-1265].

Biocontainment Level

Distribution of this virus falls under quarantine restrictions. It is recommended to handle this virus at the biocontainment level BSL-3.

Classification

This is a description of an invertebrate and vertebrate virus at the isolate level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.026.0.01.044.04.204.001. Virus accession number: 26021144.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Virus is assigned to species St. Louis encephalitis virus of the genus 00.026.0.01. Flavivirus; of the family 00.026. Flaviviridae.

Virion Properties

Symptoms in the host are well established and the causative agent is determined.

Nucleic acid of virions is encapsidated.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of an envelope and a nucleocapsid. Virus capsid is enveloped by a detergent sensitive llipoprotein before leaving the host cell. Spherical virions measure 50 nm in diameter. The envelope surrounds one nucleocapsid. Capsid/nucleocapsid is round and exhibits icosahedral symmetry. The nucleocapsid is isometric.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. The genome is infectious. Minor species of genomic nucleic acid are not found.

Lipids

Lipids are present and located in the envelope. Virions are composed of 17% lipids by weight. Lipids are essential for infectivity.

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are found in virions; constitute 9% of virion dry weight; are present as glycoproteins.

Genome Organization and Replication

By itself, genomic nucleic acid is infectious.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Virus infects during its life cycle arthropod and vertebrate hosts. Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Animalia.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Arthropoda and Chordata.

Phylum Arthropoda
Subphylum Hexapoda; Class Insecta; Order Diptera.

Phylum Vertebrata
Subphylum Vertebrata.

Class Aves and Mammalia.

Class Mammalia Order Marsupialia, Chiroptera, Primates, and Rodentia;
Family Hominidae.
Virus infects Homo sapiens (human).

General Symptoms in Animals Infection can affect the nervous system. General symptoms include dehydration, or headache.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: The disease has the name encephalitis.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector in a direct manner, in an indirect manner. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; through an injection; not transmitted by contact between hosts. Vector Transmission: Viral transmission by vectors is frequent.

Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Diptera, family Culicidae, Culicinae (culicine mosquitoes, mosquitoes. Virus is transmitted in a persistent manner; replicates in the vector; does not require a helper virus for vector transmission.

Non-Vector Transmission: The likelihood of viral transmission by respiratory route (air-borne) is nil; faecal-oral route (water and food-borne) is nil; direct contact is nil; through sexual contact is nil; through parenteral transmission is nil; through blood or blood products is nil; through congenital (germ line) transmission is nil; through transplacental transmission is nil; through perinatal transmission is nil.

Pathology

Virus can be best detected in nervous system; brain tissue.

Histopathology: Primary histological changes include necrosis.

Cytopathology: Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm.

Geographical Distribution

Geographical distribution of the virus is probably restricted. The virus spreads in North America. The virus is known to occur in temperate regions and subtropical regions. The virus occurs in the United States of America.

Comments

This description has been compiled from data presented in the literature, or ICTV Reports.

Contributor

Data have been submitted online to ICTVdB on 02-12-01 by
Charles H. by
Calisher;
AIDL, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology;
Colorado State University;
Foothills Campus;
Fort Collins; Colorado; 80523;
U.S.A.;
Tel: + 001-970-491-2987;
Fax: + 001-970-491-8323;
email: [mailto] calisher@cybercell.net.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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