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00.012.0.01. Vesivirus
Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006).
00.012.0.01. Vesivirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database,
version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA
Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
This is a description of a
vertebrate virus at the genus level.
ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.012.0.01. Virus accession number:
012001GE. Obsolete virus code: 12.0.1.; superceded accession number: 12010000.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID:
95337.
Name, Synonyms and Lineage
Synonym(s):
Calicivirus. Virus is of the family
00.012.
Caliciviridae.
Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not
enveloped, round with icosahedral
symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of
35-39 nm. Capsids appear round to hexagonal in outline. The capsid surface
structure reveals a regular pattern with distinctive features. The capsomer
arrangement is clearly visible. Capsid with 32 cup-shaped depressions.
The molecular mass (Mr) of virions is 15 x 106.
Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.33-1.41 g cm-3.
The density of virions is in glycerol-potassium tartrate gradients 1.29 g
cm-3. The sedimentation coefficient is 170-187
S20w, of the other(s) peak at 160-170;
S20w is believed to consist of defective interfering particles
in presence of high concentrations of Mg2+ ions. Under in
vitro conditions virions are inactivated in acid environment of pH
3-5. Virions are not stable at raised temperature in presence
of high concentration of Mg++. Virions are sensitive to treatment
with trypsin (in some strains, not sensitive to treatment with mild detergents,
or ether, or chloroform. The infectivity is enhanced after treatment with
trypsin (in some strains).
The
genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear
positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of
non-genomic nucleic acid are some times also found in virions. The complete
genome is 7700 nucleotides long. The genome has a guanine + cytosine content of
45-49 %. The 5'-end of the genome has a usually genome-linked protein
(VPg), or methylated nucleotide cap (in the case of hepatitis E virus). The
3'-terminus has a poly (A) tract. Each virion contains a full length copy,
or defective interfering copies.
GenBank records for
nucleotide sequences;
complete genome sequences.
The viral
genome encodes structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s)
(major species), or 2 structural protein(s) (detected in Norwalk virus,
amyelosis chronic stunt virus and porcine enteric calicivirus located
in the capsid.
Structural Proteins: Capsid protein has a molecular
mass of 58000-60000 Da; is the coat protein. Capsid protein has a
molecular mass of minor 'soluble' 28-30 kDa.
Lipids are not
reported.
Genome Organization and Replication
Transcription: Sub-genomic RNA is
present in infected cells.
Serological relationships
between different members are found (among feline caliciviruses).
Cross-reactivity is found. Cross-reactivity between species of the same
serotype, but not with species of another serotype and some species of the same
serotype, but not with all. Although the degree of antigenic specificity varies
with the degree of relatedness, the antigenicity is distinct from canine
caliciviruses, Norwalk virus serogroups of the same genus.
Natural Host
Virus infects during its life cycle a single type of vertebrate host.
Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.
Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Animalia.
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata.
Phylum Vertebrata
Subphylum Vertebrata.
Class Mammalia and Reptilia.
Class Mammalia Order Primates, or Carnivora,
or Artiodactyla.
Virus is not transmitted by a vector.
Histopathology: Virions are found in the cytoplasm.
The virus is probably distributed worldwide, or
geographical distribution of the virus is probably restricted (for some
species).
Type species 00.012.0.01.001.
Swine vesicular exanthema virus .
List of Species in the
Genus.
Data Sources and
Contributions
The
following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
PubMed References.
Taxon images: • EM by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond.
• EM by Cornelia
Büchen-Osmond. • EM from
Stewart McNulty, Queens University, Belfast. • EM from Stewart McNulty, Queens University,
Belfast. • EM from
Dave Bhella, University of Glasgow, Scotland. • EM from Dave Bhella, University of
Glasgow, Scotland.
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