Descriptions are
generated automatically from the ICTVdB database including links. Some
descriptions are only very basic and links may point to documents that are not
yet published on the Web.
00.011.0.01.016.07.006. La
Crosse virus
Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006).
00.011.0.01.016.07.006. La Crosse virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus
Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New
York, USA
Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus
Database, version 4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
Isolate
designation: original.
Isolation date: 07 August 1964.
Location: LaCrosse; Wisconsin; the United States of America.
Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of
isolate: human.
Collection and Isolation Details
Virus was
isolated by Dr Wayne Thompson. State Laboratory of Hygiene;
Madison; Wisconsin; the United States of America.
Reference to Isolation Report
Thompson W.H., Kalfayan B., Anslow R.O. (1965). Isolation of California
encephalitis group virus from a fatal human illness. Am. J. Epidemiol.
81:245-253.
Biocontainment Level
Distribution of this virus
falls under quarantine restrictions. It is recommended to handle this virus at
the biocontainment level BSL-2.
This is a description of an
invertebrate and vertebrate virus at the serotype
level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome,
replication, antigenicity and biological properties.
ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.011.0.01.016.07.006. Virus accession
number: 11017616.
NCBI Taxonomy Identifier
Taxon ID: 11577.
Name, Synonyms and Lineage
Acronym(s): LACV.
Virus is assigned to species California encephalitis virus.
Virus is of the genus 00.011.0.01.
Orthobunyavirus; of the family
00.011.
Bunyaviridae; not assigned to an order.
Symptoms in the host are
well established and the causative agent is determined.
Distinct viral structures are visible in thin sections of infected tissue.
Particles contain nucleic acid which is
encapsidated.
Size and shape of virus has been determined by electron
microscopy.
Virions consist of an envelope, a nucleocapsid, and a
polymerase complex. During their life cycle, virions have an extracellular
phase, occur in one phenotype only, and are encapsidated during
extracellular phase. Virus may be sequestered within inclusion bodies
that are not occluded and typically contain one nucleocapsid. Virus capsid is
enveloped by a double layer envelope. Virions are spherical. Virions
measure 100 nm in diameter. The envelope surrounds three
nucleocapsids; has surface projections. Surface projections are evenly dispersed distinctive
knob-shaped spikes embedded in a lipid monolayer covering
the surface that is 5 nm thick and are comprised of hemagglutinin and
surface glycoproteins (GP). Surface projections are composed of different types
of glycosylated and antgenic proteins fromed by G1 and G2 which
exhibit hemagglutinin activity and are 5-10 nm long. Host
ribosomes are not seen inside the envelope. A regular capsid structure is
present. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical
symmetry. The ribonucleocapsid is filamentous. The nucleocapsid is not
segmented. Nucleocapsids are circular.
Virion populations are comprised of particles of uniform size
and only one species is recovered in preparations.
Electron micrograph of Lacrosse virus by A.F. Murphy, Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, CA.
Additional electron micrographs are found at Wadsworth.
The molecular mass (Mr) of virions is 300-400 x
106. Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.2-1.21 g
cm-3; sucrose of 1.16-1.18 g cm-3. The
sedimentation coefficient is 350-500 S20w. Although the
titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end
point is usually around 7. Virion infectivity is inactivated; destroyed by
heating and by freezing and thawing cycles for 30 min above
56°C. Under in vitro conditions virions are stable when stored at
-70°C and -40°C; not stable when stored at -20°C.
The
genome is monomeric; segmented and consists of three segments of circular,
negative-sense and ambisense, single-stranded
RNA; that forms a non-covalently closed circle. Minor species of
non-genomic nucleic acid are not found in virions.
The RNA-L is
fully sequenced, complete sequence is 6980 nucleotides long and
NCBI reference genome has the accession number
[NC_004108].
Segment M is fully sequenced and NCBI reference genome has the accession number [NC_004109].
Segment S is fully sequenced and NCBI reference genome for has the accession number [NC_004110].
The multipartite genome is found in one type of particle only.
Each virion contains a single copy of the genome.
GenBank records for
nucleotide sequences;
complete genome sequences.
Polyamines
Polyamines associated with the virion are not
present.
Coding Strategy of Segment 1: Sequence has no
gene blocks.
Translation: Replication does not
involve a reverse transcription step.
Virions are not dependent on a helper virus for replication.
Release: The outer envelope acquired
by budding.
The virus is immunogenic.
Natural Host
Virus infects during its life cycle arthropod and vertebrate hosts. Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.
Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Animalia.
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata.
Phylum Vertebrata
Subphylum Vertebrata; Class Mammalia.
Class Mammalia
Order Primates;
Family
Hominidae.
Virus infects Homo sapiens (human).
Severity and Occurrence of
Disease
Host: Infection is apparent.
Virus is transmitted by a vector.
List of Strains and
Isolates in the Species
00.011.0.01.016.07.006.002. La Crosse virus, Human78 isolate.
This description has been compiled
from data presented in the literature.
PubMed References.
A description of the virus is found
at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center
for Infectious Diseases (NCID).
Data have been submitted online to ICTVdB on 23-05-2002 by
Charles H. by
Calisher;
AIDL, Department of Microbiology, Immunology,
and Pathology;
Colorado State University;
Foothills Campus;
Fort
Collins; Colorado; 80523;
U.S.A.;
Tel: + +
001-970-491-2987;
Fax: + + 001-970-491-8323;
email: [mailto] calisher@cybercell.net. Involved in the isolation of the
virus was also Dr B.F. Kalfayan; Department of Pathology, Lutheran Hospital,
Madison, Wisconsin. For further information on virus please contact the Study
Group (SG) chair (see at
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