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00.011.0.01.013. Bunyamwera
virus
Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006).
00.011.0.01.013. Bunyamwera virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus
Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New
York, USA
Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus
Database, version 4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
Biocontainment Level
Distribution of this virus
falls under quarantine restrictions. It is recommended to handle this virus at
the biocontainment level BSL-2.
This is a description of an
invertebrate and vertebrate virus at the species
level.
ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.011.0.01.013. Virus accession number:
11001013. Obsolete virus code: 11.0.1.04.01; superceded accession number:
11010401.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID:
11573.
Name, Synonyms and Lineage
The taxon has the
accepted ICTV name.
ICTV approved acronym: BUNV. Virus is the type of the genus
00.011.0.01.
Orthobunyavirus; of the family
00.011.
Bunyaviridae; not assigned to an order.
Symptoms in the host are
well established and the causative agent is determined.
Distinct viral structures are visible in thin sections of infected tissue.
Particles contain nucleic acid which is
encapsidated.
Virions consist of an envelope and a nucleocapsid. During
their life cycle, virions have an extracellular phase; occur in one phenotype
only and are encapsidated during extracellular phase. Virus may
be sequestered within inclusion bodies that are not occluded and
typically contain one nucleocapsid. Virus capsid is enveloped by a
single layer envelope. Virions are spherical to pleomorphic. Have no
protrusions. Virions measure (80-)100(-120) nm in
diameter. The envelope surrounds three nucleocapsids; has surface projections.
Surface projections are distinctive spikes
covering evenly the surface which are embedded in a lipid bilayer
that is 5 nm thick. Surface projections are 5-10 nm long. Host
ribosomes are not seen inside the envelope. A regular capsid structure is
present. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical
symmetry. The ribonucleocapsid is filamentous with a length of
200-3000 nm (depending on arrangement) and a width of 2-2.5 nm. The
nucleocapsid is not segmented. Nucleocapsids are circular.
Virion populations are comprised of particles of uniform size
and only one species is recovered in preparations.
The Mr
of the genome constitutes 1-2% of the virion by weight. The genome is
monomeric; segmented and consists of three segments of circular,
negative-sense and ambisense, single-stranded
RNA; that forms a non-covalently closed circle. Minor species of
non-genomic nucleic acid are not found in virions. The complete genome is
12300-12450 nucleotides long. Sequence can be accessed from EBI-EMBL and
GenBank. The RNA-L is fully sequenced, complete sequence is 6875
nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number
[X14383], and the NCBI reference genome has the accession number
[NC_001925]. RNA-M is fully sequenced, complete sequence
is 4458 nucleotides long and has the accession number
[M11852]. NCBI reference genome has the accession number
[NC_001926]. RNA-S is fully sequenced, complete sequence
is 961 nucleotides long and has the accession number
[D00353]. NCBI reference genome has the accession number
[NC_001927]. The genome has terminally redundant sequences. The terminally
redundant sequences have reiterated terminal sequences. The genome sequence is
repeated at both ends. Terminal nucleotides are base-paired, forming
non-covalently closed, circular RNAs. Nucleotide sequences at the
3'-terminus are complementary to the 5' end and form a panhandle. The
5'-terminal sequence has conserved regions and repeats complementary to the
3'-terminus; terminal repeats at the 5'-end are 13 nucleotides long;
at the 5'-end AGUAGUGUGUGCU... The 5'-terminus has no poly (C) tract.
The 3'-terminus has conserved nucleotide sequences; of 11 nucleotides in
length; at the 3' end UCAUCACAUGA... The multipartite genome is found in one
type of particle only. Each virion contains a single copy of the genome.
GenBank records for
nucleotide sequences;
complete genome sequences.
Proteins
constitute about over 50% of the particle weight.
The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.
Lipids are
present and located in the envelope. Virions are composed of
20-30% lipids by weight. The composition of viral lipids is known. The
composition of viral lipids and host cell membranes are similar. The lipids are
of host origin and are derived from plasma membranes. Viral
membranes include phospholipids, sterols, fatty acids, and glycolipids. Lipids
are not essential for infectivity.
Polyamines
Polyamines associated with the virion are not
present.
Coding Strategy of Segment 1: Sequence has no
gene blocks.
Translation: Replication does not
involve a reverse transcription step.
Virions are not dependent on a helper virus for replication.
Release: The outer envelope acquired
by budding. The outer envelope lipids are derived from cellular Golgi membranes,
or cell surface membranes (occasionally).
The virus is immunogenic.
Natural Host
Virus infects during its life cycle arthropod and vertebrate hosts. Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.
Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Animalia.
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata.
Phylum Vertebrata
Subphylum Vertebrata; Class Mammalia.
Class Mammalia
Order Primates;
Family
Hominidae.
Virus infects Homo sapiens (human).
Severity and Occurrence of
Disease
Host: Infection is apparent.
Virus is transmitted by a vector.
Bunyamwera Group.
List of Strains and
Isolates in the Species
00.011.0.01.013.04.035. DPP2513, Australian strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.002. AG83-1746 strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.004. Batai strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.004.001. Batai strain, unspecified isolate
00.011.0.01.013.04.006. Birao strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.006.001. Birao strain, Ar B 2198 isolate
00.011.0.01.013.04.007. Bozo strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.007.001. Bozo strain, Ar B 7343 isolate
00.011.0.01.013.04.009. Cache Valley strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.001. Cache Valley, isolate
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.002. Cache Valley, Original isolate 6V633
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.003. Cache Valley, isolate MI80-1-450
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.004. Cache Valley, isolate CK102
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.005. Cache Valley, isolate 807270
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.006. Cache Valley, isolate RU68
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.007. Cache Valley, isolate 90P686
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.008. Cache Valley, isolate MN550
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.009. Cache Valley, isolate Ar66-2126
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.010. Cache Valley, isolate 86MSP18
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.011. Cache Valley, isolate Ar78-5912
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.012. Cache Valley, isolate 69V2152
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.013. Cache Valley, isolate 61D240
00.011.0.01.013.04.009.014. Cache Valley, isolate 1508-A52
00.011.0.01.013.04.010. CbaAr 426 strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.011. Fort Sherman strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.012. Germiston strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.012.001. Germiston isolate SA Ar 1050
00.011.0.01.013.04.012.002. Germiston isolate pMG
00.011.0.01.013.04.012.003. Germiston isolate pSG
00.011.0.01.013.04.014. Iaco strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.015. Ilesha strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.015.001. Ilesha strain, Original KO-2
00.011.0.01.013.04.017. Lokern strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.017.001. Lokern strain, FMS-4332
00.011.0.01.013.04.019. Maguari strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.019.001. Maguari strain, BE Ar 7272 isolate
00.011.0.01.013.04.019.002. Maguari strain, unspecified isolate
00.011.0.01.013.04.019.003. Maguari strain, unspecified isolate
00.011.0.01.013.04.021. Mboke strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.022. Ngari strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.022.001. Ngari strain, isolate Ar D 28542
00.011.0.01.013.04.023. Northway strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.023.001. Northway strain, unspecified isolate
00.011.0.01.013.04.024. Playas strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.025. Potosi strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.026. Santa Rosa strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.027. Shokwe strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.027.001. Shokwe strain, Sa Ar 4042 isolate
00.011.0.01.013.04.030. Tensaw strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.030.001. Tensaw strain, A9-171b isolate
00.011.0.01.013.04.031. Tlacotalpan strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.032. Tucunduba strain
00.011.0.01.013.04.032.001. Tucunduba strain, Be Ar 278 isolate
00.011.0.01.013.04.034. Xingu strain.
The
following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
PubMed References.
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